class 12 business studies chapter 6 Staffing notes

Staffing..... Short & Easy Notes for Board Exam

#1. What do you mean by staffing? What are used characteristics?

> starting is a process involved in identifying, selection, training, assessing, placing, evaluating and developing individuals at work. In other words, staffing is concerned with developing and maintaining a sufficient number of managerial employees and other employees for the functioning of the organisation.

Following are its characteristics;

• Continuous function- staffing is a continuous process. Needs of staffing not only at its Inception but also in future. Hiring of personnel and their training and development have to be arranged at regular interval.
• Related to human resources- Staffng is related to the development and maintenance human resources. Manager have to apply human behaviour while dealing with employees matter.
• A pervasive function- it is a pervasive function as it performed by all managers throughout the organisation.
• Wider scope- staffing has a very wide scope. It includes all the activities related to human resources like manpower, planning, recruitment, selection, training, promotion, etc.
• Staffing is an invisible function- goods and services produced by an organisation can be expressed in term of money and are shown in the balance sheet. However value of a staff cannot be shown in the balance sheet, even if the organisation might have spent a lot of money on their selection recruitment, training and development.

#2. Write the importance or needs of staffing?

• For maximum and efficient utilisation of resources.
• For effective and efficient performance of other managerial functions.
• An increase in production and productivity.
• Facilitates discovery of competent staff.
• For job satisfaction.
• For prevention of over stopping and under stopping of employees.
• For solving business enterprise problems.
• For developing personal for shouldering greater responsibilities.

#3. What do you mean by human resource management?

> human resource management is that branch of Management which concerned with recruitment, training, selection, development and the optimum use of the employees. Human resource management insurance that every employees make his maximum contribution to achievement of business goal. This department function under the supervision of human resource managers.

#4. Write the steps involved in staffing process?

• Manpower planning- this is the starting the step in the staffing process. It is concerned with determining and assuring that the organisation will have an adequate numbers of qualified persons.
• Job analysis- this is the most important component of job evaluation process. To evaluate the job in term of recruitment. It is necessary to describe the job in detail.
• Recruitment- recruitment is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for the job indoor navigation.
• Selection- it is the process of choosing the most suitable candidate who have been interviewed.
• Placement and orientation- after the candidate has been selected medically fit he is offered the job.
• Training and development- it is the act of increasing the knowledge and skills of an employee for doing a particular job.
• Promotion and career planning- promotion means transferring employees from lower position to higher level. However in certain gases there may not be any increase in the pay of employees promoted to a higher position. Search position is known as Dry Position.
• Compensation- the major problem of an organisation is it to match a person's salary with their contribution made. The wages and salary structure need to fair and provides incentive to employees.
• Performance appraisal- performance appraisal is a formal systematic program in which individual employees are evaluated according to their personal qualifications, performance and potential.
• Transfer- transfer means shifting and employees from one position to another at the same level, status and responsibilities.
• separation- an employee has to be separated from the organisation. This may be done to rectify a wrong selection by asking him to resign or by dismissing him or by retrenchment.

#5. Write the function of staffing process.

> there are five functions of staffing;

• Recruitment 
• Selection 
• Training 
• Promotion 
• Transfer

#6. What do you mean by recruitment? what are its process and sources?

> recruitment is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for the job in the organisation.

Process;

• Requisition of employees.
• Identification of the sources of recruitment.
• Invitation to interested people.
• Preparing the list of deserving applicants. 

There are two sources of recruitment;

Internal source.

• Transfer.
• Promotion.
• Lay-off.
• Recalling of lay-off employees.
• Extension of services

External sources;

• Factory Gate- it is the oldest method of external recruitment. For recruitment of Semi skilled and unskilled employees notice is put at the factory Gate specifying the requirement of various types of worker.
• Waiting list- organisations prepare a waiting list of employees from the applications of those candidates who had applied but could not be selected.
• Employees recommendations- organisation asked their present in poets to recommend the name of suitable candidates.
• Labour Union recommendations- organisation ask to labour unions leaders to recommend the name of suitable candidates.
• Private placement agencies- these are of recent origin. Now a day a reputed private placement agencies such as Tata Consultancy Services are doing commendable job in this field. These Agencies maintain data Bank of specialist in various field employees. The Agencies charge a fee for their services from the management as well as the job seekers.
• Employment exchanges- employment exchanges have been set up by the government in Metropolitan and other big cities.
• Media advertisement- by far advertisement in leading newspapers, magazines and journals is a widely used method of external recruitment for skilled and specialised jobs.
• Colleges Institutions and campus- reputed companies and multinational companies are recruiting employees through campus recruitment at reputed business schools, colleges and particular at IIMs.
• Labour contractors- this is also one of the oldest method of recruitment. Labour contractor are also popularly known by the name of jobbers. These labour contractors act as middleman between the management and the workers seeking employment.
• Jobbers and contractors- jobbers and contractors are the people who keep in touch with the labours in the ledge and rural areas and whenever there is a vacancy or requirement of labour in factory or at the construction site, they bring the labour from village and supplies to businessman.
• Web publishing- at present internet has become an important medium of recruitment. Special websites have been created for the purpose of recruitment through internet.

#7. What do you mean by selection and what are the different steps involved in selection process?

> selection is the process of identifying and choosing the best person out of numbers of prospective candidates.

Following are the different steps involved in selection process;

• Recruiting of application forms.
• Preliminary interviews.
• Feeling in blank application forms.
• Employment tests.
• Interview by employment department.
• References check.
• Medical examination.
• Issue of appointment letter.
• Placement on work.

#8. What do you mean by training? Characteristics? Needs? Importance?

> training is a technique to increase the knowledge and skills of the employees. Expenses on training is not the expense, it is investment.

Characteristics;

• Training is a continuous process, well organised and planned process.
• Essential for both, new and old employees.
• Increase in knowledge, skills and efficiency.
• Training is different from education.
• Training age distinct from development.
• Training may be formal as well as informal.
• Training is necessary for all the managerial level.

Needs of training;

There is a great need of training for the development of human resources. Only trained workers provide the foundation for the economic development of the nation.
Training is required for the following reasons;

• For improve the quality of products and services.
• Improvement of organisational environment.
• To prevent industrial accidents.
• For development of employees.
• For the growing use of new technology in production.

Following are the importance of training;

• Training increase in in morale.
• Better quality of work.
• Proper utilisation of resources.
• Increase in stability and flexibility.
• Reduction in cost of supervision.
• Reduction in accidents.
• Reduction in labour problems.
• Personality growth.
• Organisational climate.
• Advantage to managers.

#9. What do you mean by employees development? What are its characteristics?

> development is a planned and organised process through which employees acquired sufficient knowledge and skills to run the work of an organisation smoothly.

Following are the characteristics of development;

• Development is a planned and organised process to learn.
• Development is a continuous process.
• As a result, the managers knowledge and skills increased.

#10. Write the difference between Internal source of recruitment and external source of recruitment.

Internal source;

• It is the process of recruiting employees from inside the organisation.
• This system is less expensive.
• This system motivate the existing employees.
• This system is more suitable for small scale unit.
• In this, the field of selection is limited.

External source;

• It is the process of recruiting employees from outside the organisation.
• This system is most expensive.
• Existing employees against this system.
• This system is suitable for large scale unit.
• In this, the field of selection is large.

#11. Difference between recruitment and selection.

Recruitment;

• Recruitment means searching for prospective employees and motivating them to employees in the organisation.
• The objective of recruitment is to attract more and more employees to appear in the organisation.
• There is no restriction on the number of candidates in recruitment.
• This process is econonical.
• It takes comparatively less time.

Selection;

• Selection is the process of choosing for the best candidates from among those who have applied for the job in the organisation.
• The objectives of the selection age to choose the best candidate.
• Only a certain number of candidates are selected.
• This process is expensive.
• It takes comparatively more Times.

#12. Difference between on the job training and off the job training.

On the job training;

• That training which takes along with work that is called on the job training.
• In this, practical knowledge is more obtained and theoretical knowledge is less.
• Its objective hate learning work as well as earning income.
• Suitable for manufacturing firms.
• Carried out by experienced employees.

Off the job training:

• When the employees are given training outside the actual work place is called off the job training.
• In this, practical knowledge is less and practical knowledge is more obtained.
• In this, more focus on learning work.
• Suitable for manufacturing firms.
• Carried by a professional or experts.

#13. Difference between training and development.

Training;

• Its objective is to improve the skills and abilities of employees.
• It is job oriented process.
• It has a narrow scope.
• It is suitable for workers.
• It is short term process.
• It improves employees on the job efficiency and productivity.

Development:

• Its objective is to overall growth in the personality.
• It is career oriented process.
• It has a wider scope.
• It is suitable for managerial staff.
• It is a continuous process.
• Its result in overall growth and development of employees making them suitable for higher responsibilities.

POINTS;

1. Money spent on the staffing is investment.
2. Staffing a responsibility of all level of managers.
3. Human resource management includes recruitment, selection and training.
4. Employees training is necessary.
5. Recruitment in the life of organisation is continuous.
6. Selection of Executive is work of all level management.
7. Method of training are on the job training and off the job training.
8. Promotion and transfer are main source of recruitment.
9. Training is continuous process.
10. Transfer and promotion are internal source of recruitment.

THE END